Itinerário 1 – Módulo 5
Admirável mundo novo
Aldous Huxley (1894-1963) escreveu Admirável Mundo Novo (Brave New World) em quatro meses (durante o ano de 1931). O livro, publicado no ano seguinte, “narra – segundo a Wikipedia – um hipotético futuro onde as pessoas são pré-condicionadas biologicamente e condicionadas psicologicamente a viverem em harmonia com as leis e regras sociais, dentro de uma sociedade organizada por castas. Na sociedade desse “futuro” criado por Huxley… qualquer dúvida e insegurança dos cidadãos era dissipada com o consumo de uma droga sem efeitos colaterais aparentes chamada “soma”… O livro desenvolve-se a partir do contraponto entre esta hipotética civilização ultra-estruturada (com o fim de obter a felicidade de todos os seus membros, qualquer que seja a sua posição social) e as impressões humanas e sensíveis do personagem “selvagem” John que, visto como algo aberrante, cria um fascínio estranho entre os habitantes”.
A sociedade distópica de Huxley é uma sociedade totalmente organizada sob um sistema científico de castas, onde não haveria vontade livre, abolida pelo condicionamento. A servidão seria aceitável devido as doses regulares de felicidade química e ortodoxias e ideologias seriam ministradas em cursos (uma ironia com o sistema educacional?) durante o sono.
Para que houvesse estabilidade social neste mundo totalmente organizado era preciso que as pessoas fossem felizes, satisfeitas com o que lhes foi estabelecido, condicionado: “homens sãos de espírito, obedientes, satisfeitos em sua estabilidade”. Segundo o livro, “o controle do comportamento indesejável por intermédio do castigo é menos eficaz, no fim das contas, do que o controle por meio de reforço do comportamento desejável mediante recompensas”.
Neste admirável mundo novo, o condicionamento imposto começava desde logo no período da incubação, onde cada sujeito era condicionado para ocupar o seu lugar na estrutura social criada, cada qual predestinado para uma função: uns para serem mineiros, outros tecedores de seda, dentre outras funções. Sendo assim seu espírito seria formado de maneira a confirmar as predisposições do corpo. Para serem felizes as pessoas precisavam aceitar passivamente seu destino: “fazer as pessoas amarem o destino social de que não podem escapar”. Tudo era feito para o bem do próprio Estado.
Huxley, como é óbvio, está descrevendo as consequências do estatismo levado às suas últimas consequências. Para a prorrogação de um estado (qualquer estado e não apenas o Estado científico totalitário imaginado na obra), a estabilidade era a necessidade fundamental e definitiva.
Baixe e leia o livro de Huxley: Admirável Mundo Novo Aldous Huxley 1932
Índice
Itinerário 1
Padrões autocráticos
Modulo 1
Modulo 2
Modulo 3
Modulo 4
Modulo 5
Modulo 6
Modulo 7
Modulo 8
Modulo 9
Itinerário 2
Objeções à democracia
Modulo 1
Modulo 2
Modulo 3
Modulo 4
Modulo 5
Modulo 6
Modulo 7
Modulo 8
Itinerário 3
Textos clássicos
Modulo 1
Modulo 2
Modulo 3
Modulo 4
Modulo 5
Modulo 6
Itinerário 4
Modo-de-vida
Modulo 1
Modulo 2
Modulo 3
Modulo 4
Modulo 5
Modulo 6
Modulo 7
Modulo 8
Itinerário 5
Indicadores
Modulo 1
Modulo 2
Modulo 3
Modulo 4
Modulo 5
Modulo 6
Modulo 7
Modulo 8
Itinerário 6
Textos recentes
Modulo 1
Modulo 2
Modulo 3
Modulo 4
Modulo 5
Modulo 6
Modulo 7
Modulo 8
Modulo 9
Modulo 10
Itinerário 7
Na sociedade em rede
Itinerário 8
Democracia e inovação
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